Indian Economy / International Organizations

Functions of International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund was established in the year 1944 along with World Bank (IBRD) by the delegates gathered at the Bretton Woods Conference. Its functioning is based on quota system (based on the GDP, Forex Reserves, Volume of Exports and Imports, Balance of Payments, etc.). 25% of the quota will be in SDRs and remaining 75% in members own country. The size of the quota in IMF determines the voting power. The larger the quota a country has, the greater will be the influence in the working of the IMF.

Important Functions of IMF

The most important role of International Monetary Fund is to uphold the stability of different currencies and to prevent any variations in the rates of exchange.

It enforces on the member countries, a system of determining par values of their currencies in terms of US Dollars or gold.
It exercises continuous surveillance on member countries so that they do not try to manipulate their exchange rates. In case there is any fundamental change in the economies of member countries, it may suggest its members to vary the par values of their currencies.
IMF helps the member countries to minimize the balance of payments problems either by loaning or selling foreign currencies to the member countries.

It advises the members on different economic and financial matters and hence tries to stabilize their economies.
It maintains proper equilibrium between the demand and supply of different currencies. If a currency is in huge demand, IMF can increase the supply of the currency by exchanging the currency with gold or by borrowing the currency from the respective country.
It offers technical assistance to the member countries by providing services of its experts or by sending the specialists to the member countries in order to cope with the concerned problems.
It tries to mitigate the tariff barriers that are inflicted on international trade by different member countries.